HUBUNGAN MALNUTRISI DENGAN TINGKAT KEJADIAN MALARIA PADA BALITA

Riza Fajar Bimantara

doi:10.30649/

Authors

Riza Fajar Bimantara a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:30:"Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya";}

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30649/

Abstract

Abstrak

Malaria merupakan salah satu penyakit yang masih banyak ditemukan pada balita yang menyebabkan kematian lebih dari 435.000 orang secara global dengan 11-30% berasal dari anak balita. Malnutrisi menjangkit jutaan anak di dunia, termasuk Indonesia yang menjadi penyebab kematian utama pada balita. Mengetahui hubungan antara malnutrisi dengan tingkat kejadian malaria pada balita serta mempelajari tentang prevalensi, faktor resiko, dan mekanisme dari malaria dan malnutrisi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 artikel internasional yang terakreditasi dan mempelajari hubungan antara malnutrisi dengan tingkat kejadian malaria pada balita. Berdasarkan 10 artikel jurnal yang direview diperoleh prevalensi kejadian malaria dan malnutrisi pada balita masih sangat tinggi terutama di negara-negara di benua Afrika, beberapa negara di Asia Selatan, Asia Tenggara, Timur tengah, Amerika Tengah, dan Selatan. Berdasarkan 3 artikel jurnal yang direview faktor resiko penyebab malaria dan malnutrisi meliputi dari segi usia, lingkungan, sanitasi, ekonomi, pendidikan, ketersediaan pangan, dan tinggal di pengungsian. Berdasarkan 9 artikel jurnal yang direview malnutrisi merupakan faktor resiko malaria dan 1 artikel jurnal menyatakan anak dengan malnutrisi memiliki kemungkinan lebih rendah terkena malaria. Hasil penelitian studi literatur menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara malnutrisi dengan tingkat kejadian malaria pada balita yang bersifat dua arah.

Kata kunci : Malaria, malnutrisi, balita

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